狄金森
艾米莉·狄金森(1830—1886),美国著名女诗人。1830年12月10日出生于美国马萨诸塞州当时还是个小镇的艾默斯特;在艾默斯特学校受完中等教育又入芒特霍利约克女子学院就读不足一年。从25岁开始,弃绝社交,在家务劳动之余埋头写诗;到1886年5月15日,由于肾脏疾患而在昏迷中离去时,已给人间留下了自成一格、独放异彩、数量可观的诗篇。
在她生前,她的诗只有10首公开发表过;其余的都是她死后30年内由亲友整理、结集,陆续出版的。
她的诗公开发表后,得到了越来越高的评价。除了20世纪30年代由于评论界派别之见而一度有过分歧之外,经过半个世纪反复品评、深入研究,狄金森作为对美国文学作出了重大独创性贡献的大诗人的地位已经确立。有人断言她是公元前7世纪莎弗以来西方最杰出的女诗人,有人就驾驭英语的能力而言,甚至把她和莎士比亚相提并论。几乎在任何一部美国诗文选集中,狄金森的诗都占有显著的地位;她的诗拥有众多的读者,产生了深远的影响;和惠特曼的诗一样,已被公认为标志着美国诗歌新纪元的里程碑。
狄金森对诗歌的传统规范表现了不驯的叛逆姿态。狄金森倾向于微观、内省,艺术气质近乎“婉约”。
她写爱的萌动,爱的燃烧,爱的丧失,有甜而不腻的喜悦,炽烈而蕴藉的吐露,苦而不酸的沉痛,绵绵难绝的长恨。爱,是她诗歌题材的重心,写来清新别致。
她写自然如家园。常有细致入微、准确生动的描绘。有些平凡的景象,在她笔下总能使人感受到一种无可置疑,确实存在,而又不曾为常人意识到的美。
她爱生活和生命,试图多侧面、多层次地探索、解释和表达生的意义。
她写死亡,不同凡响,尤其和流行的感伤滥调大异其趣。她的死亡诗,很有点一死生、齐彭殇的味道,却又不完全是,因为她虽不畏死,却更眷恋生,一想到生活,就能使她“心醉神迷”。
她的思辨能力和想像力一样强,她写哲理精辟深邃,警句连篇,耐人寻味。在一般情况下,她的理念总是带有可感知的特征,总是以有尺寸、有音响、有色彩、有质感的形体出现;但是她也不避抽象。
谁知道狄金森诗歌 醒来,九位缪斯 英语原文
(1)Awake ye muses nine, sing me a strain divine,
Awake ye muses nine, sing me a strain divine,
Awake ye muses nine, sing me a strain divine,
Unwind the solemn twine, and tie my Valentine!
Oh the Earth was made for lovers, for damsel, and hopeless swain,
For sighing, and gentle whispering, and unity made of twain.
All things do go a courting, in earth, or sea, or air,
God hath made nothing single but thee in His world so fair!
The bride, and then the bridegroom, the two, and then the one,
Adam, and Eve, his consort, the moon, and then the sun;
The life doth prove the precept, who obey shall happy be,
Who will not serve the sovereign, be hanged on fatal tree.
The high do seek the lowly, the great do seek the small,
None cannot find who seeketh, on this terrestrial ball;
The bee doth court the flower, the flower his suit receives,
And they make merry wedding, whose guests are hundred leaves;
The wind doth woo the branches, the branches they are won,
And the father fond demandeth the maiden for his son.
The storm doth walk the seashore humming a mournful tune,
The wave with eye so pensive, looketh to see the moon,
Their spirits meet together, they make their solemn vows,
No more he singeth mournful, her sadness she doth lose.
The worm doth woo the mortal, death claims a living bride,
Night unto day is married, morn unto eventide;
Earth is a merry damsel, and heaven a knight so true,
And Earth is quite coquettish, and beseemeth in vain to sue.
Now to the application, to the reading of the roll,
To bringing thee to justice, and marshalling thy soul:
Thou art a human solo, a being cold, and lone,
Wilt have no kind companion, thou reap'st what thou hast sown.
Hast never silent hours, and minutes all too long,
And a deal of sad reflection, and wailing instead of song?
There's Sarah, and Eliza, and Emeline so fair,
And Harriet, and Susan, and she with curling hair!
Thine eyes are sadly blinded, but yet thou mayest see
Six true, and comely maidens sitting upon the tree;
Approach that tree with caution, then up it boldly climb,
And seize the one thou lovest, nor care for space, or time!
Then bear her to the greenwood, and build for her a bower,
And give her what she asketh, jewel, or bird, or flower --
And bring the fife, and trumpet, and beat upon the drum --
And bid the world Goodmorrow, and go to glory home!
是这个不?
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